Staganography, a word of Greek origin that means “concealed
writing,” refers to the art and practice of concealing messages. In digital
steganography this message is hidden within an electronic format, such as text
files, audio or video files, HTML, or graphic images. Messages are hidden in
such a way that they do not cause noticeable changes to the file, thereby
defying detection and allowing covert communication between the sender and
receiver of the message.
The steganography process uses three components: a carrier,
a message, and a key. The message is embedded within the carrier and a key may
be used to encrypt the message. The steganography process may be helpful in
some ways, such as protecting copyrighted work through digital watermarking.
However, steganography has caused concern in areas of national security,
especially in recent years since the rise of terrorism threats. As a result
digital steganalysis technology and techniques have been developed for use by
the government, military, law enforcement, and intelligence agencies to detect
and extract hidden messages that may pose potential threats.
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