Radio Frequency Identification, or RFID, is a way of
transferring data wirelessly through radio frequency electromagnetic fields in
order to identify and track tags that are attached to or embedded in objects,
animals, or even people. RFID can be used for a variety of things including tracking
goods (like cars, equipment, luggage, or mobile phones), tracking animals (like
pets, livestock, or wild animals that are being observed and studied), and even
paying tolls (like EZ Pass).
A reader sends out an encoded radio transmitted signal to
the tag. After receiving this signal the tag sends back its identification
information. The tag is made up of two parts, an integrated circuit and an
antenna. The integrated circuit is responsible for keeping and processing
information, and modulating and demodulating radio signals, as well as other
functions. The antenna is responsible for receiving and transmitting signals.
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